Methods

Atomic force microscopy (AFM)

In atomic force microscopy a sharp tip, mounted at the free end of a cantilever, scans a sample surface in a two-dimensional pattern by means of a piezoelectric scan unit.
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This project is a cross disciplinary study combining AFM and Quantum Optics. We combine our expertise in AFM, ultrahigh vacuum and cryogenic environments with the expertises in producing and manipulating ultra cold atom clouds of other groups.
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Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)

In the scanning tunneling microscope the sample is scanned by a very fine metallic tip. The tip is mechanically connected to the scanner, an XYZ positioning device realized by means of piezoelectric materials.
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Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (SP-STM)

In an STM experiment this combines ultimate resolution with spin-sensitivity, which allows to investigate magnetic phenomena of conducting samples down to the atomic length scale.
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Algebraic Formulation Quantum Dynamics

The investigation of single magnetic atoms and magnetic clusters with a SP-STM raises the necessity of a quantum mechanical description of spin systems.
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Monte Carlo simulation

A Monte Carlo simulation is a stochastic method, which relies on repeated random experiments. This method is mainly used, if it is impossible or infeasible to compute an exact result. The calculated observables are statistical averages.
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Spin dynamic simulation

Life means change and change in magnetism means dynamics. However, spin dynamics is a great challenge in physics caused by the underlying nonlinear differential equations. These equations cannot be solved analytical in general.
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Mean field theory (MFT)

The mean field theory or mean field approximation is one of the most famous and on the other hand one of the most underestimated theories in solid science.
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